Stage 1
This is the part of the regulator is attached the cylinder valve, through a system of INT or DIN connection.
Its mission is to reduce the variable pressure of the cylinder at a constant pressure of 10 atm . above the ambient pressure
The Stage 1 is a source of air at a constant pressure of 10 atm. above the ambient pressure. For this to be so necessary that the water entering the area where the dock. Thus the external pressure of water is added to the spring force. In other words, whatever the depth to which we find between the interior and exterior of the hose will always be a pressure difference of 10 atm. Any manufacturer
1as adjusts its stages to 12 atm. but usually it is between 9 and 10 atm.
In a very schematic consists of:
A high pressure valve that opens and closes the passage between the high-end camera (in direct contact with the variable pressure on the bottle) and lower chamber, which will be 10 atm. above the ambient pressure and reaching for the hose to the low pressure valve located on the 2nd stage regulator.
2 º) A membrane that deforms or moves a piston, pushing and opening the valve discharge.
3 º) A spring that allows low-pressure regulation, which the factory and after the revisions must be set so that we of the 10 atm. mentioned.
How does
can be of two types diaphragm or piston, in this case we use the example of the mechanism of membrane.
Before the tap:
The spring and ambient pressure push and deform the membrane that holds the valve high, open (all the controllers when not connected with high open valve). At this time the lower valve (second stage) is closed.
Open the tap:
The air begins to flow, the pressure begins to grow past the camera high to low through the valve discharge. This pressure compresses the diaphragm against the spring until arriving at 10 atm. stop pushing the membrane valve high, allowing it to close. By now, no more air passes through the valve so the pressure of the lower chamber remains constant.
The value of 10 atm. depends on how strong or weak we have adjusted the spring. If the thread compress again this spring, we will need more pressure build up to allow close the valve and the pressure of the lower chamber will be higher.
During the dive: consume
As air pressure in the lower chamber is no longer in balance with the force exerted by the spring and ambient pressure transmitted through the membrane so the dock again pushes the membrane that in turn opens the valve high, allowing air to pass from one chamber to another until equilibrium is restored to 10 atm. This cycle is repeated every time we breathe or inflate the vest.
1 st Connections
b) .- low pressure chamber communicates with the Baja. Normally no marks or occasionally with the letters "LP (Low Pressure). Thread Type SAE 3 / 8" . Minimum number of connections : 3. connect Accessories: Hose Stage 2 of the principal. Hose the auxiliary stage 2 (Octopus). Hose vest. Hose dry suit.
The low pressure (SAE 3 / 8 ") also connect the" low pressure gauge. "
This instrument is only used by manufacturers and technical services during the adjustment operation and calibration of the first stage. This operation controls the value and reduced pressure swing low.
In some early stages, some or all of the connections Low Pressure are located in a rotating turret, which facilitates the orientation of the attached accessories or even stress can reduce the hose from the main controller transmits the diver's mouth.
As we can see, the type of thread used for connections of high and low pressure are different. The reason is obvious: to prevent accidental connection of an attachment of low pressure to high pressure outlet.
long ago that this is so, but regulators in the first two connection types have the same type of thread ( SAE 3 / 8 ") . It was the technician who performed the proper connection. Then came adapters that allow regulators to combine old with new generation gauges. But all this is history and current sports diver must use only standard equipment and inventions flee home.
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